Claudius Ptolemy was a Greek mathematician ... Much of medieval astronomy and geography were built on his ideas: his world map, published as part of his treatise Geography in the 2nd century ...

map drawn from Ptolemy's coordinates for a 1482 edition of his Geographia (The Ulm Edition, Leinhard Holle) Lands beyond the bounds of the known world tantalized the imaginations of ancient ...

Still, when all due allowance is made for these drawbacks, there is no denying that Ptolemy's map of North-Eastern Africa bears a wonderful resemblance to reality—just the resemblance that might ...

Now researchers have managed to recover the text written by Ptolemy on a parchment that suffered such a previous recovery attempt. Outermost six rings of the meteoroscope, not to scale.