Damascus was the seat of the Umayyad Caliphate and a provincial capital under the Mamluk Sultanate. The modern Syrian state was established in the mid-20th century after centuries of Ottoman rule, as …

2 days ago · The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees estimates that, by November 2017, more than 5.3 million Syrian refugees had left the country as a result of the Syrian Civil War.

Civilians flee Aleppo as clashes between Syrian government and Kurdish forces escalate January 7

Jan 5, 2026 · Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

3 days ago · Residents flee Aleppo's Sheikh Maqsoud neighbourhood after Syrian army warnings to evacuate as Kurdish fighters refuse to withdraw from the area.

Dec 19, 2025 · Syrian army launches new strikes in Aleppo as fighting with Kurdish-led SDF intensifies Roughly two dozen ISIS operatives killed or captured since US retaliatory strikes this month

Nov 19, 2025 · Three campaigns drove the conflict: coalition efforts to defeat the self-proclaimed Islamic State, violence between the Syrian government and opposition forces, and military operations against ...

Jan 7, 2025 · 2011 - Outbreak of the Syrian civil war. Inspired by the "Arab Spring" uprisings, confrontation between the government and opposition soon develops into a multi-sided fight …

Feb 7, 2023 · Physical map of Syrian Arab Republic showing major cities, terrain, national parks, rivers, and surrounding countries with international borders and outline maps.

17 hours ago · Syrian government forces entered two northern towns Saturday morning after the command of Kurdish-led fighters said it would evacuate the area in an apparent move to avoid conflict.